|
Accessory |
A building component added to a basic building such as a
door, window, vent etc. |
|
Anchor Bolts
|
Bolts
used to anchor structural members to a foundation or other support.
Usually refers to the bolts at the building perimeter and door jambs.
Typically a "J" shaped bolt. |
|
Anchor Bolt Plan |
A plan view showing the size, location, and
projection of all anchor bolts for the metal building system components,
and the length and width of the foundation. |
|
Base
Plate |
A plate
attached to the base of a column that rests on the foundation or other
support, usually secured by anchor bolts. |
|
Bead
Mastic |
Sealant
supplied in a continuous roll, normally used for sealing roof panel laps
to insure water tightness. |
|
Beam
|
A primary
member, usually horizontal, that is subjected to bending loads. There
are three types: simple, continuous, and cantilever. |
|
Bottom
Chord |
The member forming the
bottom of a truss, usually a "C" Section. |
|
Bracket |
A
structural support projecting from a wall or column on which to fasten
another structural member. Examples are canopy brackets, lean-to
brackets, and crane runway brackets. |
|
Building
Codes |
Published regulations and
ordinances established by a recognized agency (usually a county or
parish) describing design loads, procedures and construction details for
structures. |
|
"C"
Section |
A member cold-formed from steel coil in the shape of a
"C" used for the primary framing. |
|
Canopy |
Any
overhang or projecting roof structure with the extreme end usually
unsupported. |
|
Chord |
The
perimeter members of a truss (or trussed floor joist). See Top Chord and
Bottom Chord. |
|
Clear Span |
Buildings
designed without internal support columns. |
|
Clip |
A plate
or angle used to fasten two or more members together. Either pre-welded
to member or bolted on. |
|
Closure Strip |
A
resilient strip formed to the contour of ribbed panels used to close
openings created by joining metal panels and flashing. |
|
Cold
Formed |
The
process of using press brakes or rolling mills to shape steel into
desired cross sections at room temperature. |
|
Collateral Load |
All specified additional dead loads other than the metal
building framing, sprinklers, mechanical and electrical systems, and
ceilings. |
|
Column |
A primary
member used in a vertical position on a building to transfer loads from
main roof beams, trusses, or rafters to the foundations. |
|
Corner
Column |
Corner column (usually a "C" shape) located at the corner of
a bearing frame endwall. |
|
Damper |
A baffle used to open or close the throat of ventilators.
|
|
Dead
Load
|
The
weight of all permanent construction, such as floor, roof, framing and
covering members. |
|
Deflection |
The
transverse displacement of a structural member in the direction of load
and measured from its no-load position. |
|
Diaphragm Bracing |
The resistance to racking
generally offered by the covering system (roof and wall panels),
fasteners, and secondary framing. |
|
Eave |
The line along the sidewall formed by the intersection
of the planes of the roof and wall. |
|
Eave
Height |
The vertical distance from finished floor to top of the eave strut.
|
|
Eave
Strut |
A
structural member at the eave to support roof panels and wall panels.
It may also transmit wind forces from roof bracing to wall bracing.
|
|
Erection |
The on-site assembly of pre-engineered components to form complete
structure. |
|
Fabricate |
To manufacture, form, construct or
assemble a product or component. |
|
Fastener |
Clips or screws used to attach panels to
the structure (member screws) or each other (stitch screws) |
|
Fixed Base |
A column base that is designed to
resist rotation as well as horizontal or vertical movement. |
|
Flange |
The projecting edge of a structural
member. |
|
Flange Brace |
A brace from flange of column
or rafter to girt or purlin to provide lateral support and stability.
|
|
Footing |
A pad or mat, usually of concrete,
located under a column, wall or other structural member that is used to
distribute the loads from that member into the supporting soil.
|
|
Foundation |
The substructure on which a building
rests. |
|
Frame |
The primary and secondary structural
members (columns, rafters, girts, purlins, brace rods, etc.) that go
together to make up the skeleton of a structure to which the covering
can be applied. |
|
Framed Openings |
Framework (headers and jambs) and
flashing that surround an opening in the wall or roof of a building;
usually for field installed accessories, such as overhead doors or
powered wall fans. |
|
Gable |
A triangular portion of the endwall of
a building, directly under the sloping roof and above the eave height
line. |
|
Gage
or Gauge |
Thickness of steel or distance between
holes punched in flange, base or splice plates. |
|
Girt
|
A secondary horizontal structural member
that supports vertical loads. |
|
Hair-Pin |
Reinforcing bar used to help transfer
anchor bolt shear (due to column thrust) to concrete floor mass. The "U"
shaped hair-pin wraps around the anchor bolts inside the slab.
|
|
Haunch |
The portion of a truss where the top
chord and the bottom chord meet. Usually occurs at the connection of
the wall.
|
|
Header |
A horizontal framing structural member
over a door, window, or other framed opening usually constructed of a
"C" channel. |
|
High
Strength Bolts |
Any bolt make from
steel having a tensile strength in excess of 100,000 pounds per square inch (p.s.i.). Some examples are ASTM A-325, A-354, A-449. |
|
Hot-rolled Shapes |
Steel sections (angles,
channels, I-beams, etc.) which are formed by rolling mills while the
steel is in semi-molten state. |
|
Insulation |
Any
material used in building construction to reduce heat transfer.
|
|
Intermediate Bay |
A distance between two main frames within a building, other than end
frames. |
|
Jack
Beam |
A beam
used to support another beam or rafter to eliminate a column support.
|
|
Jamb |
A side
columns of a doorway or opening. |
|
Kip |
A unit of measure equal to 1,000 pounds. |
|
Knee |
The connecting area of a column and rafter of a structural frame
such as a rigid frame. |
|
Lean-to |
A
structure such as a shed, having only one slope or pitch and depending
upon another structure for partial support. |
|
Live
Load |
All
loads, including snow, exerted on a roof except dead, wind and lateral
loads. |
|
Louver |
An
opening provided with foxed or movable, slanted fins to allow flow of
air. |
|
MBMA |
Metal Building Manufacturers Association. |
|
Moment |
The tendency of a force to cause rotation about a point or axis.
|
|
Monolithic Construction |
A method of pouring concrete grade beam and floor slab together
to form the building foundation without forming and pouring each
separately. |
|
Parapet |
That portion of the vertical wall of a building that extends above
the roof line at the intersection of the wall and roof. |
|
Peak |
The uppermost point of the gable. |
|
Piece Mark |
A number given to each separate part of the building for
erection identification. Also called Mark Number or Part Number.
|
|
Pitch
|
An inclination or slope measured in degrees, or percent, or by the
ration of the rise and run. |
|
Portal Frame |
A rigid frame structure so designed that it
offers rigidity and stability to its plane. It is used to resist
longitudinal loads where diagonal bracing is not permitted. Also called
a Wind Bent. |
|
Purlin |
A secondary, cold formed horizontal structural member located in
the roof to support sheeting, that is itself supported by the primary
structure framing. |
|
Rafter |
A primary beam supporting the roof system. |
|
Rake |
The
intersection of roof and endwall. |
|
Rake Angle |
Angle attached to purlins and rake for
attachment of endwall sheeting.
|
|
Reactions |
The resisting forces at the column bases of a frame holding the
frame in equilibrium under a given load condition. |
|
Rib |
A raised line in the flat portion of a metal panel
that gives added strength and minimizes the appearance of oilcanning.
|
|
Ridge |
Highest point on the roof of the building that describes a
horizontal line running the length of the building. |
|
Ridge Cap |
A transition of the roofing materials along the ridge of a roof.
|
|
Rigid Frame |
A structural frame consisting of members joined together with
rigid (or moment) connections so as to render the frame stable with
respect to imposing loads, without the need for bracing in its plane.
|
|
Rollform |
Forming metal shapes by applying pressure through rollers.
|
|
Roof
Slope (Pitch) |
The angle that a roof surface makes with the
horizontal. Usually expressed in units of vertical rise to 12 units of
run. |
|
Secondary Members |
Framing consisting of minor load bearing members of a structure,
such as purlins, girts, eave struts, etc. |
|
Seismic
Loads |
The assumed lateral load acting in any
horizontal direction on the structural system due to the action of
earthquakes. |
|
Self-Drilling Screws |
A fastener that combines the functions of drilling
and tapping. It is used for attaching panels to purlins and girts.
|
|
Single Slope |
A sloping roof with one surface. The slope is from one
to the opposite wall of a rectangular building. |
|
Skylight |
A roof accessory to admit light. |
|
Snow
Load |
A load imposed on buildings or other structures due to snowfall.
|
|
Soffit |
The underside covering of any exterior portion of a metal building
system. |
|
Span |
The distance between supports of beams, girders or trusses.
|
|
Square |
The term used for an area of 100 square feet. |
|
Standing Seam |
Seam type that consists of an upturned rib, that may also be
structural, with a watertight seam. It is made by turning up the edges
of two adjacent metal panels and then folding them over in one of a
variety of ways. |
|
Structural Members |
Load carrying members. May be hot-rolled sections,
cold-formed shapes, or built up shapes. |
|
Strut |
A brace fitted into a framework to resist forces parallel to its
length. |
|
Tensile Strength |
The longitudinal pulling stress a member can bear without
pulling apart. |
|
Top Chord |
The
member forming the top of a truss, usually a "C" Section. |
|
Tributary Area |
The area that contributes load to a specific structural
component. |
|
Turn-Of-The-Nut-Method |
A method for pre-tensioning high-strength bolts. The nut is
turned a specified amount of rotation from the snug-tight position,
corresponding to a few blows on an impact wrench or the full effort of a
man using an ordinary spud wrench. |
|
UL
Rating |
Underwriters Laboratories certification rating. |
|
Uplift |
Wind load on a building which causes a load in the upward
direction. |
|
Valley Gutter |
A channel used to carry off water from the "V" of roofs
of a multi-gabled building. |
|
Vapor Barrier |
Material used to retard the flow of vapor or
moisture into walls and thus prevent condensation within them.
|
|
Web |
In a truss, the interior members
connecting between the top chord and the bottom chord, sometimes called
diagonals or braces. In a channel, track, or hot-rolled section, the portion of a structural member
between the flanges. |
|
Wind
Bent |
See Portal Column. |
|
Wind
Load |
A load caused by the wind blowing from
any horizontal direction. |
|
"Z"
Section |
A member cold-formed from steel sheet in
the shape of a block "Z". |
